Motor Vehicle Endgate Hinge Having Dual Pivot Axes

ABSTRACT

An assembly for opening and closing a passageway into the body of a motor vehicle includes a post secured to the body at a lateral side of the passageway, an endgate for opening and closing the passageway, and a hinge secured to the endgate and the post. The hinge defines a lateral axis and supports the endgate for pivoting about the lateral axis relative to the post, and the hinge defines an upright axis and supports the endgate for pivoting about the upright axis relative to the post.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

This invention relates generally to an endgate for a motor vehicle, and, more particularly, to an endgate and hinge assembly that allows the endgate to swing alternately about a lateral axis and an upright axis.

The tailgate at the back of a wagon, truck, or station wagon is usually hinged along a lateral axis at the bottom of the tailgate to pivot downward for convenience in loading or unloading cargo. A door at the back of a vehicle hinged along a lateral axis at the top of the door to open upward is often referred to as a hatch or lift gate.

In certain cases it is helpful and preferred that the vehicle has an endgate that can swing like a door about a vertical axis to facilitate access to the cargo area.

A more recent need exists in the automotive industry for a hinge assembly that supports an endgate such that the gate can swing both upward and downward about a horizontal axis and like a door about a vertical axis at the option of the user. It is preferable for such hinges to be substantially identical, easily installed, occupy a small space and available at low cost.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

An assembly for opening and closing a passageway into the body of a motor vehicle includes a post secured to the body at a lateral side of the passageway, an endgate for opening and closing the passageway, and a hinge secured to the endgate and the post. The hinge defines a lateral axis and supports the endgate for pivoting about the lateral axis relative to the post. The hinge also defines an upright axis and supports the endgate for pivoting about the upright axis at the lateral side of the passageway.

The assembly provides dual axis hinging having minimum weight and low cost. For heavy load conditions that require endgate removal to avoid damage, the assembly enables the endgate to be removed from its assembled position on the vehicle with the use of simple tools.

The endgate with the hinge installed can be installed in the vehicle prior to paint shop operations and set dimensionally in the body shop of the assembly center, thereby avoiding the need to provide for additional corrosion protection.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a rear view of a pickup truck showing the end gate opened about a lateral axis;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the pickup truck showing the end gate opened about an upright axis;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of an endgate and a dual action hinge secured to the endgate; and

FIG. 4 is an end view looking forward and showing a right-side, rear post having the dual action hinge of FIG. 3 installed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to the drawings, there is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 a pickup truck 10 whose endgate 12 is hinged both about a lateral axis 14 and an upright axis 16 for opening and closing access to the truck bed 18. The cargo opening is formed with a left-side post 20, a right-side post 22, and a rail interconnecting the posts 20, 22. Preferably, axis 14 is horizontal and axis 16 is vertical, although those axes may be skewed with respect to the horizontal and vertical planes. Axis 14 is located outboard of the endgate.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the endgate 12 is formed with a side leg 30, a lateral leg 32 and an end panel 34 secured to the legs 30, 32. The lower surface of the lower leg 32 is secured to two mutually spaced lugs 36, 38, each lug being formed with a laterally-directed circular cylindrical hole 40, with each hole being aligned mutually and installed in the vehicle in alignment with lateral axis 14. The lugs 36, 38 may be formed integrally with the lower leg 32 or connected to the lower leg 32 by mechanical fasteners, welding or bonding.

An endgate hinge 50 includes a lower plate 58, which extends laterally and is formed with two mutually spaced lugs 60, 62, each lug being formed with a laterally-directed circular cylindrical hole. The holes in lugs 60, 62 of endgate hinge 50 are aligned mutually and aligned with the holes 40 in lugs 36, 38 of the endgate 12. A hinge pin 64 is installed in the holes of the endgate lugs 36, 38 and the holes of the endgate hinge lugs 60, 62. The endgate hinge 50 is installed in the vehicle 10 such that the aligned holes of lugs 36, 38, 60, 62 are aligned also with lateral axis 14.

Lugs 36, 38 and the endgate 12 can pivot about lateral axis 14 relative to the post 22.

The endgate hinge 50 is formed with two mutually spaced lugs 70, 72, each lug being formed with a laterally-directed circular cylindrical hole 74 and secured to lower plate 58. The holes in lugs 70, 72 are aligned mutually and are aligned with holes in lugs 78, 80, which are formed in upper and lower arms 82, 84, respectively. A second hinge pin 86 is installed in the holes of lugs 70, 72, 78, 80. The endgate hinge 50 is installed in the vehicle 10 such that the aligned holes of lugs 70, 72, 78, 80 are aligned with upright axis 16.

The outer end 88 of arm 82 and the outer end 90 of arm 84 are secured to the right-side post 22, preferably by mechanical fasteners. Lugs 70, 72, lower plate 58, lugs 60, 62 of hinge 50, and lugs 36, 38 of the endgate 12 can pivot about axis 16 relative to the arms 82, 84 and post 22.

In operation, when a rearward force is applied to endgate 12, the endgate swings about lateral axis 14 to the open position shown in FIG. 1 due to its being supported on post 22 by a dual action endgate hinge 50 secured to post 22 and a dual action endgate secured to post 20. Endgate 12 swings also about axis 16 to the open position as the dual action endgate hinge 50 pivots about pin 86 and a hinge pin aligned with pin 86 located on a support 100 or 120 secured to post 22 and located at a higher elevation than that of endgate hinge 50. Arms 82, 84 are formed to provide clearance with the endgate 12 as it pivots about the upright axis 16. Therefore, the endgate 12 can pivot through an angle of 90 degrees from the closed position to the open position.

Although the term “endgate” has been used in this description, the invention is applicable also to a tailgate hinged at the top to open downward, to a lift gate or hatch hinged at the top to open upward, and to a door hinged at the side for convenience in loading or unloading cargo.

While certain embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention as defined by the following claims. 

1. An assembly for opening and closing a passageway into the body of a motor vehicle comprising: a post secured to the body at a lateral side of the passageway; an endgate for opening and closing the passageway; and a hinge secured to the endgate and the post, the hinge defining a lateral axis and supporting the endgate for pivoting about the lateral axis relative to the post, the hinge defining an upright axis and supporting the endgate for pivoting about the upright axis at said lateral side of the passageway relative to the post.
 2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein each lateral axis is located in a horizontal plane, and each upright axis is located in a vertical plane.
 3. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising: a first lug formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; a second lug formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; an arm secured to the body and formed with a third lug having a third hole aligned with the second hole; a first hinge pin located in the second hole and the third hole and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; the endgate further includes a fourth lug formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first hole; and a second hinge pin located in the first hole and the fourth hole, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 4. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising: first lugs, each first lug being formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; second lugs, each second lug being formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; first and second arms, each arm secured to the post and formed with a third lug, each third lug having a third hole aligned with the second holes; a first hinge pin located in the second holes and the third holes, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; the endgate further includes fourth lugs, each fourth lug being formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first holes; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 5. An assembly for opening and closing a cargo opening of a motor vehicle comprising: a post secured to the body at a lateral side of the cargo opening; an endgate able to open and close the cargo opening, and including a first leg directed along the post and a second leg directed transverse to the post; and a hinge secured to the endgate and the post, the hinge defining a lateral axis located below the second leg, and supporting the endgate for pivoting about the lateral axis relative to the post; the hinge defining an upright axis directed along the post and located outboard of the first leg, and supporting the endgate for pivoting about the upright axis relative to the post.
 6. The assembly of claim 5 wherein each lateral axis is located in a horizontal plane, and each upright axis is in located a vertical plane.
 7. The assembly of claim 5, further comprising: a first lug formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; a second lug formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; an arm secured to the body and formed with a third lug having a third hole aligned with the second hole; a first hinge pin located in the second hole and the third hole and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; the endgate further includes a fourth lug secured to and located below the second leg formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first hole; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 8. The assembly of claim 5, further comprising: first lugs, each first lug being formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; second lugs, each second lug being formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; an arm secured to the post and formed with a third lug having a third hole aligned with the second holes; a first hinge pin located in the second holes and the third hole and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; the endgate further includes fourth lugs, each fourth lug being formed with a fourth hole and aligned with the first holes; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 9. The assembly of claim 5, further comprising: first lugs, each first lug being formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; second lugs, each second lug being formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; a first arm and a second arm, each arm secured to the post and formed with a third lug, each third lug having a third hole aligned with the second holes; a first hinge pin located in the second holes and the third holes, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; the endgate further includes fourth lugs, each fourth lug being formed with a fourth hole and aligned with the first holes; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 10. An assembly for opening and closing a cargo opening of a motor vehicle comprising: a post secured to the body at a lateral side of the cargo opening; an endgate able to open and close the cargo opening, and including a first leg directed along the post and a second leg directed transverse to the post; a hinge secured to the first leg, the second leg and the post, the hinge formed with a first lug aligned with a lateral axis located below the second leg and supporting the endgate for pivoting about the lateral axis relative to the post; the hinge formed with a second lug defining an upright axis directed along the post and located outboard of the first leg; and an arm supported on the hinge, secured to the post and formed with a third lug aligned with the second lug, the second lug and the third lug supporting the endgate for pivoting about the upright axis relative to the post.
 11. The assembly of claim 10 wherein each lateral axis is located in a horizontal plane, and each upright axis is in located a vertical plane.
 12. The assembly of claim 10, wherein: the first lug is formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis, a second lug is formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis, and the third lug is formed with a third hole aligned with the second hole; the endgate further includes a fourth lug secured to and located below the second leg formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first hole; and the hinge further includes a first hinge pin located in the second hole and the third hole and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; and a second hinge pin located in the first hole and the fourth hole, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 13. The assembly of claim 10, wherein: the first lug further includes first lugs, each first lug being formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; the second lug further includes second lugs, each second lug being formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis and the third hole; the endgate further includes fourth lugs, each fourth lug being formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first holes; and the hinge further includes a first hinge pin located in the second holes and the third hole, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post.
 14. The assembly of claim 10, wherein: the first lug further includes first lugs, each first lug being formed with a first hole aligned with the lateral axis; the second lug further includes second lugs, each second lug being formed with a second hole aligned with the upright axis; the arm further includes a first arm and a second arm, each arm secured to the post and formed with a third lug, each third lug having a third hole aligned with the second holes; the endgate further includes fourth lugs, each fourth lug being formed with a fourth hole aligned with the first holes; and the hinge further includes a first hinge pin located in the second holes and the third holes, and permitting the endgate to pivot about the upright axis relative to the post; and a second hinge pin located in the first holes and the fourth holes and permitting the endgate to pivot about the lateral axis relative to the post. 